The Comparison of Mediating Models for Stimulating Imagination with Psychological and Environmental Factors

Yuling Hsu

Abstract


Abstract. The present study aimed to compare different mediating models of stimulating imagination for university students (novice creators) who were under demanded to demonstrate highly imaginative and creative capabilities. We invited 876 university students to participate in this study. Using the reliability and validity of research tools to explore the competing models obtained according to literature review, we then suggested the two factors mediating model that was appropriate for novice creators (through inspiration through action and intrinsic motivation as mediators between internal/external factors and two types of imagination). The results displayed: (a) the inherently psychological factors and two types of imagination were closely related. (b) Intrinsic motivation and inspiration through action can play the mediating roles between external/internal influence factors and two types of imagination. (c) The impact of environmental factors on imagination is relatively limited, but two mediators would raise the predictive power. (d) Using this model to stimulate the creators’ imaginations, we should pay attention to how the social climate and negative emotion may carry out a direct negative influence, and guide learners through two mediators to stimulate imagination that would be the more effective inspirational path.

Keywords


environmental factors, imagination capability, model comparison, psychological factors.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Bagozzi, R., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16(1), 74-94.

Bailin, S. (2007). Imagination and arts education in cultural contexts. In K. Egan, M. Stout & K. Takaya (Eds.), Teaching and learning outside the box: Inspiring imagination across the curriculum (pp. 101-116). New York, NY: Teachers College Press.

Bandura, A. (2012). On the functional properties of perceived self-efficacy revisited. Journal of Management, 38, 9-44.

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D . A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.

Beaney, M. (2005). Imagination and creativity. Milton Keynes. United Kingdom: Open University.

Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238-246.

Betts, G. H. (1916). Imagination. In G. H. Betts, The mind and its education. New York, NY: D. Appleton and company.

Browne, B. W. (2008). Cultivating hope and imagination. Retrieved October 16, 2013, from http://www.swaraj.org/shikshantar/blissls3.htm.

Büscher, M., Eriksen, M. A., Kristensen, J. F., & Mogensen, P. H. (2004). Ways of grounding imagination. Proceedings of the eighth conference on participatory design: Artful integration: interweaving media, materials and practices (Vol. 1). Retrieved January 25, 2014, from http://www.daimi.au.dk/Workspace/site/content/heading_07/papers/PDC2004.pdf.

Chang, H. -T., & Lin, T. -I. (2013). Discovering Taiwanese design college students’ learning performance and imaginative capacity. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 10, 23-39.

Chiu, F. -C. (2013). Fit between future thinking and future orientation on creative imagination. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 7(3), 234-244.

Chiu, F. -C. (2015). Improving your creative potential without awareness: Overinclusive thinking training. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 15, 1-12.

Choi, J. N. (2004). Individual and contextual predictors of creative performance: The mediating role of psychological processes. Creativity Research Journal, 16(2&3), 187-199.

Choi, J. N. (2012). Context and creativity: The theory of planned behavior as an alternative mechanism. Social Behavior and Personality, 41(4), 681-692.

Claxton, G., Edwards, L., & Scale-Constantinou, V. (2006). Cultivating creative mentalities: A framework for education. Published in Thinking Skills and Creativity, 1(1), 57-61.

Das, T. (2007). How to write a documentary script. Retrieved January 20, 2013, from http://web.docuticker.com/go/docubase/17008.

Eckhoff, A., & Urbach, J. (2008). Understanding imaginative thinking during childhood: Socio-cultural conceptions of creativity and imaginative thought. Early Childhood Education Journal, 36(2), 179–185.

Egan, K. (1992). Imagination in teaching and learning: The middle school years. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Egan, K. (2007). Imagination, past and present. In K. Egan, M. Stout & K. Takaya (Eds.), Teaching and learning outside the box: Inspiring imagination across the curriculum (pp. 3-20). New York, NY: Teachers College Press.

Eisenberger, R., & Shanock, L. (2003). Rewards, intrinsic motivation, and creativity: A case study of conceptual and methodological isolation. Creativity Research Journal, 15(2&3), 121-130.

Fettes, M. (2010). The TIEs that bind: How imagination grasps the world. In K. Egan & K. Madej (Eds.), Engaging imagination and developing creativity in education (pp. 2-16), Newcastle, UK: British Library Cataloguing.

Finke, R. A. (1990). Creative imagery: Discoveries and inventions in visualization. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Finke, R. A. (1996). Imagery, creativity, and emergent structure. Consciousness and Cognition, 5(3), 381-393.

Finke, R. A., Ward T. B., & Smith, S. M. (1992). Creative cognition: Theory, research, and Applications. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50.

Frazier, P., Tix, A., & Barron, K. (2004). Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(1), 115-134.

Gaunt, B. (2003). Creativity and imagination. In B. Gaunt & P. Livingston (Eds.), The creation of art (pp. 148-173). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Henderson, J. M. (1999). Architecture for the imagination: A study of an elementary educational environment. Blacksburg, VA: University Library of Virginia Tech.

Hsu, M.-C., Chiang, C., & Liang, C. (2014). The mediator effects of imagination between learning environment and academic performance: A comparison between science and engineering majors. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 24(4), 419-436.

Hsu, Y., Liang, C., & Chang, C. -C. (2014). The mediating effects of generative cognition on imagination stimulation. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 51(5), 544-555.

Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (2002). LISREL 8.80 [Computer software]. Chicago, IL: Scientific Software International.

Karwowski, M., & Soszynski, M. (2008). How to develop creative imagination? Assumptions, aims and effectiveness of role play training in creativity (RPTC). Thinking Skills and Creativity, 3(2), 163–171.

Kember, D., Ho, A., & Hong, C. (2010). Characterising a teaching and learning environment capable of motivating student learning. Learning Environments Research, 13, 43-57.

Langer, S. K. (1953). Feeling and form: A theory of art developed from philosophy in a new key. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons Press.

Liang, C., Hsu, Y., & Chang, C. -C. (2013). Intrinsic motivation as a mediator on imaginative capability development. Thinking Skill and Creativity, 8, 109-119.

Liang, C., Hsu, Y., Chang, C. -C., & Lin, L. -J. (2013). In search of an index of imagination for virtual experience designers. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 23(4), 1037-1046.

Lindqvist, G. (2003). Vygotsky’s theory of creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 15(2&3), 245–251.

Marks, D. F. (1995). New directions for mental imagery research. Journal of Mental Imagery, 19(3-4), 153-170.

Passmore, J. (1985). Recent philosophers: A supplement to a hundred years of philosophy. NY: Duckworth.

Pelaprat, E., & Cole, M. (2011). “Minding the gapâ€: Imagination, creativity and human cognition. Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 45(4), 397-418.

Perdue, K. (2003). Imagination. The Chicago school of media theory. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from http://lucian.uchicago.edu/blogs/mediatheory/keywords/imagination/.

Prabhu, V., Sutton, C., & Sauser, W. (2008). Creativity and certain personality traits: Understanding the mediating effect of intrinsic motivation. Creativity Research Journal, 20(1), 53-66.

Pylyshyn, Z. W. (2002). Mental imagery: In search of a theory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 25(2), 157–238.

Reichling, M. J. (1990). Images of imagination. Journal of Research in Music Education, 38(4), 282-293.

Reiner, M., & Gilbert, J. (2000). Epistemological resources for thought experimentation in science learning. International Journal of Science Education, 22(5), 489-506.

Ribot, T. (1906). Essay on the creative imagination. Chicago, IL: Open Court.

Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (2010). Ensuring positiveness of the scaled difference chi-square test statistic. Psychometrika, 75, 243-248.

Schön, D. A., & Wiggins, G. (1992). Kinds of seeing and their function in designing, Design Studies, 13(2), 135-156.

Shin, U. C. (1994). The role of imagination in integrative knowledge. Tradition and Discovery: The Polanyi Society Periodical, 21(2), 16-28.

Speller, G. (2006). A place of my own. Berkshire, NY: Green Places.

Steiger, J. H. (1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25(2), 173-180.

Stokes, D. R. (2006). The evaluative charater of imaginative resistance. British Journal of Aesthetics, 46(4), 387-405.

Strange, C. C., & Banning, J. H. (2001). Educating by design: Creating campus learning environments that work. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Thomas, N. J. T. (1999). Are theories of imagery theories of imagination? An active perception approach to conscious mental content. Cognitive Science, 23(2), 207-245.

Thurstone, L. L., & Thurstone, T. G. (1989). Aptitudes mentales primarias [Primary mental abilities]. Madrid, Spain: TEA Edicipnes.

Upitis, R. (2007). Four strong schools: Developing a sense of place through school architecture. International Journal of Education & the Arts, 8(1), 1-15. Retrieved January 22, 2013, from http://www.ijea.org/v8i1/v8i1.pdf.

Vygotsky, L. S. (2004/1967). Imagination and creativity in childhood. Journal of Russian and East European Psychology, 42(1), 7–97.

Weick, K. E. (2006). The role of imagination in the organizing of knowledge. European Journal of Information Systems, 15(5), 446.

Zhang, X. M., & Bartol, K. M. (2010). Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity: The influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation, and creative process engagement. Academy of Management Journal, 53(1), 107-28.

Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the development of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265-1272.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


e-ISSN: 1694-2116

p-ISSN: 1694-2493